Blame it on the dietary choices or increased stress levels, in recent years, heart problems have become more prevalent. Young or old, everyone is susceptible to cardiovascular diseases, which encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. Besides recognising the major risk factors of heart problems, it is also important to take certain tests to know the condition of your heart. We spoke to two established doctors to understand the same.
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Factors That Affect Your Heart Health
Dr Sushrut Pownikar, Head Of Quality Assurance and Deputy Director, Oncquest Laboratories, New Delhi, says, “Heart diseases and especially heart attacks are a leading culprit and a proactive and preventive approach to heart healthcare is needed,” adding, “We must consider some fixed risk factors when evaluating cardiac health.”
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, which accounted for an estimated 1.79 crore people, of which 85% were due to heart attack and stroke. The health body suggests most CVDs can be prevented by addressing the risk factors. These include:
- Age
- Family history
- High blood pressure or hypertension
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
- Diabetes
- Poor diet
- Stress
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Sleep apnoea
Important Tests To Take
5 essential tests for heart diseases include:
- Blood tests
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Exercise stress test
- Echocardiogram (ultrasound)
- Coronary angiogram
According to Dr Pownikar, regular heart screening and cardiac tests help doctors to understand health risks and help in:
- Drug treatment
- Recommending heart-healthy diet
- Recommending exercise regimen
- Advising on essential lifestyle changes
How To Improve Your Cardiovascular Health
Dr Aditya Verma, Golf View Health Care and Research Institute, Kolkata, emphasises on ‘Primordial Prevention’, which is the prevention of development of risk factors of cardiac diseases. For instance, prevention of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia. To achieve that, he recommends:
- Regular exercise for 30-45 mins at least 5 days a week including brisk walking
- pranayam and yoga
- No smoking (active or passive)
- No alcohol consumption; if taken, to be limited to one drink (maximum 60ml) per day
- Adequate sleep
- Avoiding sedentary lifestyle
Conclusion
Regular medical check-ups, lifestyle modifications, and following medical advice for conditions like hypertension and diabetes can significantly reduce the risk of heart problems. If you have concerns about your heart health or any specific risk factors, consult a doctor for personalised guidance.
