The human dental structure has different types of teeth, each with specific functions. The primary types of teeth in the mouth are incisors, canines, premolars (also called bicuspids), and molars. While some help tear foods into smaller pieces, the others help grind the food. The latter are known as molars, which are the largest and strongest teeth in the mouth, and are located at the back of the dental arch.
Wisdom teeth, also called third molars, are the four permanent teeth that typically emerge in the back corners of the mouth. While harmless most of the time, these can cause various dental problems due to their late eruption, limited space, and potential misalignment. In conversation with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Parampreet Kohli, An Aesthetic Dentist, Smile Designing Expert and Founder of Smile Couture Dental Clinic, discusses the role of wisdom teeth, the cause of wisdom tooth pain, and ways to alleviate it.
Also Read: Dentist Lists 5 Ways To Take Care Of Sensitive Teeth
Role Of Wisdom Tooth
“Wisdom teeth are the last set of molars to erupt in the mouth,” said Dr Kohli, adding that in ancient times, they played a role in grinding down tough foods like roots, nuts, and meats. “However, as our diets have evolved and our jaws have become smaller, wisdom teeth are often no longer necessary for proper chewing and can cause various problems. Some individuals have sufficient space in their jaws, allowing the wisdom teeth to erupt without causing any issues,” she added.
A wisdom tooth usually begins to develop in the late teenage years or early twenties, which is why they are often referred to as "wisdom" teeth. But not everyone develops wisdom teeth, and some individuals may have fewer than four or even none at all. According to a study published in the Imaging Science in Dentistry, at least 53% of individuals aged 25 and older had developed at least one wisdom tooth, men being more likely to have them than women.
When it comes to wisdom teeth, they may lead to pain, swelling, discomfort, infection, and damage to adjacent teeth due to lack of space to grow properly. Impacted wisdom teeth can cause pain, swelling,. In such cases, dentists often recommend their removal through a surgical procedure known as wisdom tooth extraction.
Dr Kohli said, “It is best to consult with a dentist or oral surgeon for a proper evaluation and appropriate management.”
Why Treating Wisdom Tooth Pain Is Necessary
According to Dr Kohli, wisdom tooth pain can be intense and persistent, making it difficult to eat, speak, or even carry out daily activities comfortably. “Relieving the pain allows you to resume your normal activities without constant discomfort. If left untreated, it can lead to complications. For example, an infection can spread to other parts of the mouth or body, and impaction can damage nearby teeth or cause cysts or tumours,” she added.
Ways To Alleviate Wisdom Tooth Pain
Here’s how you can relieve your wisdom tooth pain:
Over-the-counter pain relievers
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Follow the recommended dosage instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking other medications.
Saltwater rinses
Rinse your mouth with warm saltwater a few times a day. Mix about half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and swish it around your mouth for 30 seconds before spitting it out. Saltwater can help reduce inflammation and ease discomfort.
Topical numbing gels
Apply an over-the-counter oral gel or ointment containing benzocaine directly to the affected area. Benzocaine can provide temporary numbing relief from pain. Follow the instructions on the product label for proper usage.
Cold compress
Place a cold compress or ice pack wrapped in a thin cloth on the outside of your cheek, in the area where you're experiencing pain. Apply it for about 15 minutes at a time, with breaks in between. The cold temperature can help numb the area and reduce swelling.
Avoid tobacco and alcohol
Smoking and consuming alcohol can delay healing and increase the risk of complications. It's best to avoid them during this period.
Also Read: Metallic Taste In the Mouth: What Does It Mean?
Avoid triggering foods
Stick to soft foods that require minimal chewing to reduce irritation and pain. Avoid hot, spicy, or acidic foods and beverages that can further irritate the area.
Visit a dentist or oral surgeon
If the pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like swelling, difficulty swallowing, or fever, it's important to see a dental professional. They can evaluate your wisdom teeth and recommend appropriate treatment, which may include extraction if necessary.
Conclusion
Wisdom tooth pain is a common issue that many people experience when their wisdom teeth are erupting or causing problems. The pain can be intense or may occur as a dull ache. The key is to address it on time and get it treated.
